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Fumigation, according to the National Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (NSPM), is the application of any fumigant in an air tight enclosure with the aim of eradicating insects and other pests. A fumigant is a chemical which exists as a gas in a particular temperature and pressure and which, in the sufficient concentration and sufficient time, is lethal to insects and other pests.
Science March 2006, fumigation has become a mandatory process for any type of import-export activity involving wood packing material to ensure that countries do not import fungus, termites etc. with the goods. Therefore, it is imperative to use intensely trained and innovative fumigation specialists. At Pest-O-Crush, our highly skilled team of professionals is widely experienced in handling all kind of services pertaining to fumigation. We adopt effective fumigation methods which are tailored to satisfy individual customer needs.
Our expert team at Pest-O-Crush is approved by International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) and International Phytosanitary Measure (ISPM-15). Our fumigation services have received accreditation from the Plant Protection Advisor to the Government of India, Faridabad. We are also officially recognized by AFAS (Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme), which is considered to be a benchmark in the fumigation industry.
Fumigation is done through the following two methods:
METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION
Methyl Bromide (MBr) is a liquid under pressure, stored in cans or cylinders that turn into a gas when heated. MBr is a highly penetrative chemical that is highly toxic to a broad spectrum of insects and pests and is very effective in killing insect eggs. It is lethal in relatively short periods of time (typically 24 hours). However, the use of Methyl Bromide Fumigation is forbidden for certain commodities as it can react with food that contains certain types of fat, certain kinds of rubber, etc.
PHOSPHINE GAS FUMIGATION
Aluminum Phosphide (ALP) is available in tablet form and when exposed, reacts with the atmospheric water vapor to produce Phosphine gas. Phosphine gas is less lethal than Methyl Bromide fumigation and thus the exposure periods are longer (typically 72 hours). However, the advantage of ALP is that it can safely be used for those commodities where Methyl Bromide fumigation is forbidden.
Successful fumigation requires a high degree of expertise as it involves properly calculating dispersing and monitoring the right amount of the fumigant required to eradicate all the pests. Moreover, this has to be done in a sufficiently air tight enclosure as the more air tight the enclosure, the more successful the fumigation will be. The amount of dosage of the fumigant is another critical factor as incorrect dosages can lead to product damage or the survival of pests.
We offer following fumigation services :-
Container Capacity
Type   Length Width Height Cubic Feet Cubic Meter
20'
Standard
External 20' 8' 8' 6"    
6.096 m 2.438 m 2.591m    
Internal 19' 4.25" 7' 8.625" 7' 10" 1170CFt  
5.899 m 2.353m 2.388m   33.131 CBM
40'
Standard		 External 40' 8' 8' 6"    
12.192 m 2.438 m 2.591m    
Internal 39' 5.375" 7' 8.625" 7' 10" 2385CFt  
12.024m 2.353m 2.388m   67.535 CBM
40'
HighCube
External 40' 8' 9' 6"    
12.192 m 2.438m 2.896m    
Internal 39' 5.375" 7' 8.625" 8' 10" 2690CFt  
12.024 m 2.353 m 2.692 m   76.172 CBM
 
 
Type Max Gross Weight Tare Weight From Tare Weight To Payload
20' standard (8.5') 24000 kg 1800 kg 2400 kg 17500 kg
40' Standard (8.5') 30480 kg 2800 kg 4000 kg 24000 kg
40' Hi Cube (9.5') 30480 kg 3900 kg 4200 kg 24000 kg
What is ISPM 15?
International Standards For Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). It addresses the need to treat all wooden materials that are used as packaging for products being shipped between countries.
Why was ISPM 15 developed?
 ISPM 15 was developed to address the global spread of timber pests by regulating the movement of timber packing and dunnage in international trade. ISPM 15 describes phytosanitary measures to reduce the risk of introduction and/or spread of quarantine pests associated with solid timber packing material (including dunnage).
Who developed and endorsed ISPM 15? 

The United Nations Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO) addresses plant quarantine through the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). The IPPC is an international treaty administered by the FAO and implemented through the cooperation of member governments.

ISPMs are recognized as the basis for phytosanitary measures applied by members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.

What countries have implemented ISPM 15 for their exports?
Argentina China European Union Indonesia Lebanon Norway Samoa Syria Yemen
Australia Colombia Fiji Iran Lithuania Oman Seychelles Taiwan
Austria Costa Rica Finland Ireland Luxembourg Panama Singapore Thailand
Belgium Cuba Germany Israel Malta Paraguay Slovakia Trinidad and Tobago
Bolivia Cyprus Greece Italy Mexico Peru Slovenia Turkey
Brazil Denmark Guatemala Japan Netherlands Philippines South Africa Ukraine
Bulgaria Dominican Republic Honduras Jordan New Caledonia Poland Spain United Kingdom
Canada Ecuador Hong Kong Kenya New Zealand Portugal Sri Lanka USA
Czech Republic Egypt Hungary Korea Nicaragua Republic of South Korea Sweden Venezuela
Chile Estonia India Latvia Nigeria Romania Switzerland Vietnam
 What is timber packing and dunnage?
 Timber packing is wood packaging that is used to support, protect or carry a commodity. The packing includes dunnage, pallets, crating, packing blocks, drums, cases, load boards, pallet collars and skids. Dunnage is used to secure or support a commodity but does not remain associated with the commodity once it has been unloaded.
Why does the revised ISPM-15 require all timber packing to be free of bark?
Countries require imported timber packaging to be free of bark as bark has the potential to house numerous pathogens. Further, it acts as a shelter to various pests and reduces the effectiveness of methyl bromide fumigation. It also causes difficulties during inspection and therefore it is imperative that all bark be removed from the packing.
What does an ISPM 15 compliant stamp or mark look like? What do the symbols in the stamp mean?
Timber packing and dunnage bearing the mark below is certified as having been subjected to an ISPM 15 approved treatment.

ISPM 15 mark



An ISPM 15 compliant mark includes:
  • The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) symbol
  • The ISO two letter country code 'XX' (e.g. IN for India, US for United States, CN for China, GB for United Kingdom) followed by a unique number '000' assigned by the National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO) to the treatment provider. This component of the mark enables identification of the treatment provider.
  • 'YY' indicates the ISPM 15 approved treatment applied to the timber packing material or dunnage, where:
    • MB represents methyl bromide fumigation.
    • HT represents heat treatment.
Where should ISPM 15 marks be located on timber packing?
To enable easy inspection and validation, the ISPM 15 compliant mark should be clearly visible and appear on at least 2 opposite sides of the article. Metal plates and stickers are not permissible as the marks must be permanent and non-transferable.
 Do the ISPM 15 approved measures offer permanent protection to timber packing against timber and non-timber pests?
The ISPM 15 approved measures only control timber and non-timber pests present at the time of treatment. Post-treatment infestation of solid timber packing is often an important quarantine issue.
 Should repaired, re-manufactured and re-cycled wood packaging material re-treated, re-certified and re-marked?
In order to establish chain of custody and maintain accountability, repaired, remanufactured and recycled packaging has to be re-treated. All previous certifications and markings have to be removed and it needs to be re-certified and re-marked by an authorized agency.
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